Prostate cancer should be recognized by palpation (lumps) or prostate-specific antigen (PSA) determination in patients suffering from urinary symptoms.In addition to the plasma total PSA concentration, the ratio of free to total PSA and the PSA increase rate, also the age of the patient as well as the size and nodularity of the prostate gland are taken into account when assessing the probability of prostate cancer diagnosis and the need for further investigations. Metastatic prostate cancer should be identified.
